Iranian missile attacks since Wednesday have caused "extensive damage" at QatarEnergy's liquefied natural gas facilities in Ras Laffan, which processes and exports 20% of global LNG supply and helps to make Qatar one of the biggest LNG producers.

Qatar shares its gas fields with Iran and had amicable relations until the U.S.-Israeli war that began at the end of February. Earlier this month, Qatar halted LNG output and declared force majeure on LNG shipments.

Here are some facts on the role Qatar plays in global energy markets:

QatarEnergy is the world's second largest LNG exporter. It plans to expand output capacity to 142 million tons per annum by 2030, from 77 mtpa currently, which would give it about a quarter of the global market and make it the second-largest exporter after the U.S.

Qatar's LNG production facilities, liquefaction plants and export infrastructure are concentrated almost entirely in Ras Laffan, about 80 kilometres (50 miles) northeast of Doha.

All Qatari LNG cargoes must exit the Gulf through the Strait of Hormuz.

QE supplies Europe and predominantly Asian markets, with over 80% of customers in China, Japan, India, South Korea, Pakistan and other countries in the region.

Traders estimate the company supplies 90%-95% of its gas under long-term contracts and 5%-10% under spot contracts.

Global energy majors ExxonMobil XOM.N, Shell SHEL.L, TotalEnergies TTEF.PA, Eni ENI.MI, ConocoPhillips COP.N and others are investors in Qatari LNG.

Shell SHEL.L has a 100% interest in Pearl GTL in Qatar that has capacity to process up to 1.6 billion cubic feet per day of wellhead gas, converting it into 140,000 bpd of gas-to-liquids. It also holds a 30% stake in a 7.8 million metric tons a year LNG facility and investments in yet-to-produce LNG plants. The energy major said Wednesday's attack on Qatar's Ras Laffan caused damage to the Pearl GTL facility, adding the fire was quickly put out, there were no reported injuries and Pearl is now in a "safe state".

TotalEnergies <TTEF.PA > operates the Al-Shaheen oil field through North Oil Company, a JV with QatarEnergy, where TotalEnergies holds 30% and QE owns the remaining 70% stake.

ExxonMobil holds several stakes in Ras Laffan joint ventures.

In addition to LNG, Qatar is also the world's second largest exporter of fertilisers and helium. It also produces significant quantities of liquefied petroleum gas, propane, butane and refined products such as low-sulfur diesel, largely from its gas-to-liquids facilities.

-Reporting by Marwa Rashad and Stephanie Kelly in London. Editing by Nivedita Bhattacharjee, Mark Potter and Barbara Lewis/Reuters